Category Archives: Vocabulary

Understanding how idioms work in English.

Idioms Worth Learning and Ones to Avoid

I remember sitting in a cramped exam hall ten years ago, watching a student—a brilliant, hardworking professional—stare at a reading passage with pure, unadulterated horror. He had understood every single word on the page, yet he couldn’t grasp the meaning of the text because he was trying to translate every phrase literally. That is the

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How to deal with false friends words.

Words That Betray You

I remember sitting in a quiet exam hall ten years ago, watching a bright, capable student stare in absolute horror at his own essay. He had used the word “actually” when he meant “currently,” and in that one split second, his entire argument collapsed. It wasn’t a lack of vocabulary that failed him; it was

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How suffixes change word class: verb-to-noun.

Turning a Verb Into a Noun

I was sitting in a drafty exam hall last Tuesday, watching a student stare in despair at a word-formation task, when it hit me again. They weren’t struggling because they lacked a massive vocabulary; they were struggling because they didn’t understand how suffixes change word class. Most textbooks will give you a dry, endless list

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How prefixes change meaning by reversing words.

Prefixes That Reverse Meaning

I was sitting in a drafty exam hall last Tuesday, watching a student stare at a reading comprehension passage with that specific look of quiet desperation. He was a bright man, clearly capable, but he’d just completely misread a sentence because he didn’t grasp how prefixes change meaning. He saw the word “content” and assumed

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Understanding how word families work.

One Root, Six Words

I was sitting in my office last Tuesday, staring at a pile of IELTS essays, when I saw it again. A student had written a perfectly coherent sentence, but they had used “analysis” where they desperately needed “analytical.” It’s a tiny slip, but it’s exactly why their score is stuck in a plateau. Most textbooks

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How to use a thesaurus without going wrong.

Synonyms Are Rarely Identical

I remember sitting at my desk during a late-night marking session, surrounded by half-empty mugs of tea and a mountain of IELTS essays, staring at a sentence that made absolutely no sense. A student had tried to describe a “large house” by using the word gargantuan, but they’d used it to describe a piece of

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Learning how to use a monolingual dictionary.

Switching to an English Dictionary

I can still see the look on my student’s face last Tuesday—that specific, glazed-over expression of pure defeat when he realized his translation app had just led him into a linguistic dead end. He was trying to find the nuance between two similar adjectives, but instead, he was just playing a high-stakes game of “guess

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How to recognise register in a text.

Spotting How Formal a Text Is

I remember sitting in a humid classroom in Johannesburg, looking at a student’s essay that was technically perfect in grammar but sounded like a robot trying to pass as a CEO. He had used “utilize” and “subsequently” in every single sentence, completely missing the fact that the prompt asked for a friendly email to a

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